INDONESIA: The recent emergence of the #KaburAjaDulu movement in Indonesia has sparked a national conversation about the motivations behind the youth seeking opportunities abroad. This trend reflects deeper economic challenges within the country, notably the shrinking middle class and high youth unemployment rates. Labelling the pursuit of overseas employment as unpatriotic overlooks the potential benefits such migration can bring to the nation.
Economic Realities: A Shrinking Middle Class
Indonesia’s middle class has experienced a significant contraction in recent years. From a peak of approximately 60 million individuals in 2018, the middle class dwindled to 47.9 million by March 2024, now representing just 17% of the population. This decline is attributed to a lack of formal employment opportunities, insufficient investment in high-income industries, and an overreliance on the low-wage commodities sector. The COVID-19 pandemic has further exacerbated these issues, leading to weaker consumer spending and reduced tax revenues. Notably, employment in the informal sector has risen to 59% in 2023, contributing to economic instability.
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Youth Unemployment: A Pressing Concern
The high rate of youth unemployment in Indonesia compounds the economic challenges. Many young Indonesians face difficulties securing formal employment, leading them to consider opportunities abroad. This migration is not a rejection of national loyalty but a pragmatic response to limited domestic prospects.
Migration: A Historical and Economic Perspective
Historically, Indonesia has seen significant numbers of its citizens employed overseas in sectors such as construction, maritime industries, and domestic work. This outward migration has been a vital source of income for many families and has contributed to the national economy through remittances.
The Indian Diaspora: A Model of Economic Contribution
India offers a compelling example of how a diaspora can positively impact the home country’s economy. In the financial year 2023-24, Indians abroad sent back a record $107 billion in remittances, surpassing the $100 billion mark for the second consecutive year. This inflow nearly doubled the combined total of $54 billion from foreign direct investments and portfolio investments during the same period. These remittances have been instrumental in supporting household incomes, driving economic stability, and fostering development across various sectors in India.
Reframing the Narrative: Migration as a Patriotic Act
Given these insights, it’s imperative to shift the narrative around Indonesians seeking employment abroad. Rather than viewing this migration as unpatriotic, it should be recognized as a strategic move that can yield substantial benefits for both the individuals and the nation. Remittances from overseas workers can bolster the economy, alleviate poverty, and provide capital for local investments.
In conclusion, the #KaburAjaDulu movement underscores the need to address the underlying economic challenges in Indonesia. Embracing the potential of overseas employment and the resultant remittances can serve as a catalyst for national development. By supporting and valuing the contributions of Indonesians abroad, the nation can harness this global workforce to drive economic growth and prosperity at home.
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